What is video rectoscopy (video proctoscopy)?

Video rectoscopy (video proctoscopy) is an examination of the rectum and the anal canal using an instrument equipped with a camera. The image is shown on a monitor, and the doctor sees the mucous membrane magnified and clear. The examination is brief and usually requires neither anesthesia nor special preparation.

• Anoscope — a short instrument that mainly shows the anal canal.
• Proctoscope and rectoscope — longer instruments that allow a deeper part of the rectum to be seen.
• In the video versions of these instruments, the image is shown on a screen through a camera. The doctor sees more clearly, and the patient can watch as well if they wish.

It is needed when there is bleeding from the anus, pain during a bowel movement, a lump or swelling around the anus, itching, or a discharge of mucus or pus. It is also needed when hemorrhoids, an anal fissure, a polyp, a fistula or condylomas (warts) are suspected, and for follow-up after surgery.

The examination is done with a numbing gel. Most patients feel only mild discomfort. In a very painful anal fissure, the doctor carries out the examination carefully.

Usually not. Sometimes a small cleansing enema is recommended before the examination. Unlike with colonoscopy, there is no need to follow a diet or to cleanse the bowel completely.

No. Video rectoscopy shows only the last part of the bowel. Colonoscopy is needed to see the entire colon and to carry out cancer screening.