Medical article
Colonoscopy is not scary — it can save a life
Many people become uneasy as soon as they hear the word “colonoscopy.” A feeling of embarrassment, fear of pain, or the thought “I don't need it” makes them avoid this examination. Yet colonoscopy is an examination that can save lives.
What is colonoscopy?
Colonoscopy is an examination of the colon with a special camera. Using a thin, flexible instrument, the doctor sees the inner surface of the bowel, detects polyps and, when needed, removes them during the same procedure.
Why is it so important?
Colon cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in the world. This cancer often develops from polyps over the course of years. Colonoscopy:
- detects cancer at an early stage;
- removes, in a timely manner, polyps that can turn into cancer;
- identifies the problem before symptoms begin.
In other words, this examination is both diagnostic and preventive.
Is the procedure painful?
Colonoscopy is usually performed under sedation, that is, a light medication-induced sleep. During the procedure the patient usually feels no pain and often does not remember it. The examination usually takes 20–60 minutes. Fear often comes from a lack of information.
Who is it recommended for?
- People at average risk who have no symptoms, from age 45 (from age 50 in some recommendations) — for screening; the doctor chooses the method (colonoscopy or a fecal immunochemical test, FIT) and the interval
- People with a family history of colon cancer or polyps (starting at an earlier age)
- People who suffer from long-term constipation or diarrhea
- People who see blood in their stool
- People with unexplained weight loss or anemia
Colon cancer screening
- Average-risk group: screening starts at age 45 (at age 50 in some countries); the method is colonoscopy or a fecal immunochemical test (FIT) for hidden blood in the stool.
- High-risk group: examination starts earlier and is done more often.
Early diagnosis saves lives
Colon cancer can develop without symptoms in its early stage. A person can be at risk even when feeling completely healthy. That is exactly why preventive examination is important. Remember: colonoscopy is not scary; what is scary is a delayed diagnosis.
Final word
A few days of preparation and a short procedure can protect your future years. If you belong to the appropriate group by age or risk factors, consult your doctor and plan a colonoscopy.